"Flower Power"

Poet Aram Saroyan reflected in 1999 on his early publishing history:

“Over thirty years ago, in the dark, violence-riddled spring of 1968, Random House brought out my first book of poems. Actually, that’s not quite the case; I should say that they published my first mainstream book of poems, since, like many New York poets of my generation, I was active in the small press scene chronicled recently in the New York Public Library’s exhibit and book, A Secret Location on the Lower East Side. What was distinctively different about that April publication was that now I could walk Manhattan with my typewriter-page-size book, printed in typewriter facsimile, in virtually every bookstore that I passed. The book, called only Aram Saroyan, comprises thirty minimal poems, also without titles, and can be read easily from cover-to-cover [here on the web — FmH] in a minute or two.


Soon after it appeared, in fact, the book was read from cover-to-cover, on the local Six O’Clock NBC News, by Edwin Newman wearing his cultural commentator hat. My editor at Random House, Christopher Cerf, alerted me to this unprecedented phenomonon—which I had missed*—with a certain astonishment but with his perennial good cheer. In the Art News Annual of that year, John Ashbery noted his surprise at catching the event, and then remarked ruefully that, since the media was wont to pass from ‘put down to panegyric without an interval of straight reportage,’ he expected that I might soon be appearing on the Johnny Carson Show with Andy Warhol and the rest of the avant-garde.


That was not to be, needless to say. I was 24 years old, just wading into the deeper waters of a relationship that would lead to my marriage that fall, regularly seeing a psychoanalyst, and more than a little troubled by the phenomonon of my book. For one thing, in stalwart sixties fashion, I wasn’t certain whether it was correct to be published by a mainstream publisher at all. Simultaneously, and in seeming contradiction, I was troubled by the fact that while the book was selling well for a book of poems, the ratio of copies sold to the numbers of readers who read the volume cover-to-cover while in the bookstore, as evidenced by the increasingly soiled condition of many of the unbought copies, was easily ten to one. While one might congratulate oneself on thereby undercutting corporate profits, at the same time one was a near-penniless young poet who could have used a royalty check. The longest poem, the first, goes:


a man stands


on his


head one


minute–


then he


sit


down all


different


This fourteen-word opener is followed by 29 more poems, scarcely any of which exceed a dozen words, and a number of which are only one word. Of the latter, the most notorious is probably this one:


lighght


Awarded a National Endowment for the Arts Poetry Award of $750 after its appearance in The Chicago Review, this poem seems to have induced in Jesse Helms, among others, a state of apoplexy that has yet to abate in, lo, these thirty years hence. In my own defense, one wonders if Mr. Helms and other members of Congress who haven’t taken kindly to my minimalist exposition of light in the sixties, are more warmly disposed in the universally celebrated artistic precincts of, say, Picasso.”

*More recently, on a small poetry mailing list to which I subscribe, he revealed more about the circumstances around his missing that reading of his first book of poems:

In a room at UCLA’s Special Collections Library, I’m set up with an old

fashioned spool-to-spool tape recorder in order to listen to a radio

interview I did one night in Morningside Heights thirty five years ago when

I was a sixties poet. I hear the voice that once was my own: the slow,

irritating, callow voice of my budding self.


Why am I doing this? I wonder. I’m 57, happily married, three times a

father, my children grown up, my father long gone to the hereafter, my

mother recently gone. Something must be sadly amiss for it to come to this

pointless self-scrutiny. Who was I? Or rather, who cares? Walking out of

the building into the evening chill of a warm November day in Los Angeles, I

feel belatedly apologetic toward the interviewer–a decent, stolid sort

saddled with this weirdo of post-modern manners. I owe him, and I haven’t

seen or heard from him since that fateful night.


I walk to my car parked on LeConte in the darkening twilight. The night the

radio program was broadcast in New York City, I took an all-night acid trip

with some friends in a cold-water flat on the Lower East Side. I’d eagerly

anticipated hearing my voice over the airwaves, and the opportunity, in my

altered state, to discover in it nuances that would otherwise be

unascertainable. As it turned out, my friend Derek had not been able to

find the station that broadcast the interview–a lame excuse, yet another

signature of his passive aggressive jealousy, an old wearying story by now,

but not one I’d allow to interfere with the psychedelic main event of the

evening.


What a great favor poor Derek had done me. I find 12 minutes left on the

two hour meter where I parked. I would have hated myself, perhaps for the

entire intervening 35 years, had I listened to the interview that night.

Instead I focused on the grain of the parquet floor, and saw slowly emerge

from it, a tiny, stately procession–on floats–of Semite kings bedecked

with crowns and scepters.


I wake up in the middle of the night, still roiling with inner torment.

With my head cushioned against my upper arm, lying full-length on the floor

of that third-floor apartment on the corner of Avenue A and Sixth Street,

how I had scrutinized the extraordinary detail of those Semite kings. A Jew

on acid, I think, and the words “camp concentration” come to me. In the

dark, I reach out for my notebook and pen by the bed.

Shooting Down Missile Defense

Even the Pentagon admits the program is in trouble. “If the generals in charge of the Pentagon’s Missile Defense Agency followed the wispiest trail of logic, they would have slashed the program and moved on to more promising pursuits long ago. This month brings yet another bit of news indicating not only that the program has scant chance of producing a workable missile-defense system, but that its managers know of its dim prospects.” — Fred Kaplan, Slate You should be following the missile defense debate as if your life depended on it. It does. NMD is the single factor that would most profoundly destabilize the balance of weapons terror and plunge us into a new nuclear arms race. Dubya’s legacy may well be written in ashes blowing in a contaminated wind if he and his henchmen push this through despite all reason.

Have Girls Really Grown More Violent?

Experts Say Juvenile Justice System is Now Tougher on Females: “More and more girls under 18 are being arrested for violent crimes. They’re still far less likely than boys to get picked up for things like robbery and assault. But the gap is narrowing. That’s led to the perception that girls have become much more violent in recent decades. But as NPR’s Jonathan Hamilton reports in Part Three of the series Girls and the Juvenile Justice System, experts on juvenile crime have another theory.” NPR

We Don’t Know What We’re Doing

Review of The Illusion of Conscious Will

by Daniel M. Wegner
: “Conscious will plays a special role in Western moral thinking. Although we may blame each other for negligence and other sins of omission, acts stemming from conscious decisions are considered to be paradigmatically subject to moral evaluation. In his latest book, Harvard psychologist Daniel M. Wegner tries to undermine the very notion that what we experience as conscious will has any real control over our behavior.


Wegner’s approach is stalwartly empirical. Some reviewers have celebrated him for snatching the issue of conscious will from the hands of benighted philosophers, and for bringing the cool light of experimental research to bear on issues that have traditionally been the subject of futile speculation. Actually, Wegner’s relationship to the philosophical tradition is more complicated. On the one hand, he is fully aware that his ideas hearken back to the thought of the great 18th century Scottish philosopher, David Hume. On the other hand, as I will argue below, Wegner does not fully develop the ethical consequences of his theory.” Human Nature Review 2003 3:360-362 This philosophical trend to reconceptualize consciousness as an outgrowth of mechanistic processes and, as here, an illusion, goes fist-in-glove with the changes in psychiatric paradigm I discuss below.

Recent Work on the Levels of Selection Problem

“The complex of problems falling under the ‘levels of selection’

rubric includes an intriguing mix of empirical, conceptual and

philosophical issues. Roughly speaking, the key question concerns the

level of the biological hierarchy at which natural selection occurs.

Does selection act on organisms, genes, groups, colonies, demes,

species, or some combination of these?
Evolutionary biologists and

philosophers of biology have devoted considerable attention to this

question over the last forty years, so much so that in some quarters

the debate is now regarded as stale. Despite this perception, recent

years have in fact seen interesting and important new work on the

levels of selection, some of which has significantly re-defined the

terms of the traditional debate. This paper aims to introduce the

reader to these new developments.” — Samir Okasha, Human Nature Review 2003 3:349-356

Getting Even: Forgiveness and Its Limits

by Jeffrie Murphy: “We have all been victims of wrongdoing. Forgiving that wrongdoing is one of the staples of current pop psychology dogma; it is seen as a universal prescription for moral and mental health in the self-help and recovery section of bookstores. At the same time, personal vindictiveness as a rule is seen as irrational and immoral. In many ways, our thinking on these issues is deeply inconsistent; we value forgiveness yet at the same time now use victim-impact statements to argue for harsher penalties for criminals. Do we have a right to hate others for what they have done to us? The distinguished philosopher and law professor Jeffrie Murphy is a skeptic when it comes to our views on both emotions. In this short and accessible book, he proposes that vindictive emotions (anger, resentment, and the desire for revenge) actually deserve a more legitimate place in our emotional, social, and legal lives than we currently recognize, while forgiveness deserves to be more selectively granted. Murphy grounds his views on careful analysis of the nature of forgiveness, a subtle understanding of the psychology of anger and resentment, and a fine appreciation of the ethical issues of self-respect and self-defense. He also uses accessible examples from law, literature, and religion to make his points. Providing a nuanced approach to a proper understanding of the place of our strongest emotions in moral, political, and personal life, and using lucid, easily understood prose, this volume is a classic example of philosophical thinking applied to a thorny, everyday problem. ” amazon.com

Back to Basics

“How many stories are there to tell in the world?

One school of thought holds that there are just 10 archetypal tales around which novelists spin more or less elegant variations. I remember being persuaded, years ago, that there were as few as seven basic plots at the heart of our literature, or was it three?

Cinderella (rags to riches) is certainly one. The Odyssey (the hero’s return home) is another. That was recently the inspiration for Charles Frazier’s bestselling Cold Mountain. And the plot of Beowulf is the same as the plot of Jaws (a monster terrorises a seaside community and is eventually overcome by a local hero). I could go on: no doubt well-informed Observer readers will think of others. Did somebody mention Jung?” Guardian/UK

In Defense of the ‘F’ Word:

Colorado Attorney’s Motion Gives the Definitive History: “Yes, five months remain in the year, but we’re ready to announce the winner of the prestigious 2003 Legal Document of the Year award. The below motion was filed earlier this month in connection with a criminal charge filed against a Colorado teenager. The boy’s troubles started when he was confronted at school by a vice principal who suspected that he had been smoking in the boys bathroom. When presented to the principal, the kid exploded, cursing the administrator with some variants of the ‘F’ word. For his outburst, the boy was hit with a disorderly conduct rap, which was eventually amended to interfering with the staff, faculty, or students of an educational institutional. Faced with what he thought was a speech crime, Eric Vanatta, the teen’s public defender, drafted the below motion to dismiss the misdemeanor charge. The District Court document is an amusing and profane look at the world’s favorite four-letter word, from its origins in 1500 to today’s frequent use of the term by Eminem, Chris Rock, and Lenny Kravitz. The criminal charge, Vanatta argued in the motion, was not warranted since the use of the popular curse is protected by the First Amendment. TSG’s favorite part of the motion is the chart comparing Google results for the ‘F’ word and other all-American terms like mom, baseball, and apple pie.” The Smoking Gun

Web surfing could get ‘disorder’ classification

“Excessive Internet use that harms personal relationships or affects work performance could be classified as a new psychiatric disorder that could effect businesses, researchers at University of Florida said.” This is, simply, ridiculous. Internet addiction is real, surely, but there is no need for a separate category of illness; it fits somewhere in the already well-elaborated constellation of impulsive, addictive and compulsive behaviors. The five proposed diagnostic criteria — excessive involvement in the activity, inability to cut down despite trying, neglect of other obligations, significant relationship discord as a result of the activity, and excessive thoughts or anxiety about it when not involved in the activity — are a strong parallel of the screening criteria many psychiatrists use for alcoholism, for example.

And while we’re at it, here’s another gripe about their criteria. They propose the acronym MOUSE to represent the five factors, as follows — “More than intended time spent online; Other responsibilities neglected; Unsuccessful attempts to cut down; Significant relationships discord; Excessive thoughts or anxiety when not online.” Cute, media-friendly, but the most useless acronym I have ever heard (as someone who loves to invent and impart to my students acronyms for things like diagnostic criteria or treatment approaches…), since the words represented by the letters of the acronym (in bold above) are utterly uninformative. More what? Unsuccessful at what? Significant what? You get the picture. Contrast, for example, one of the most famous acronyms in psychiatric teaching. SIGECAPS, whcih every student learns and remembers, represents the diagnostic criteria for major depression, and each letter stands for something unique, specific and memorable — sleep, interest, guilt, energy, concentration, appetite, psychomotor disturbance, and suicidality.

The Wonk Who Blogged Me

Garret Vreeland points to this Los Angeles Magazine portrait of Mickey Kaus. Garret focuses largely on one aspect of the piece, which portrays Kaus as loving the fact, now he’s transformed himself into a ‘blogger’ for Slate, that he can go back and correct a mistake before most of his readers have ever noticed that he made it. I agree with Garret’s position on this one, that our credibility depends on the open acknowledgement of our fallibility. While I’ll go back and correct a spelling error or some awkward phraseology in a post after I read it later, or add to it, if I want to correct an error of fact or a clumsy opinion I owe it to my readers to say that is what I’m doing.

This issue was really only a miniscule part of the article on Kaus, though. The writer focuses with the most awe on Kaus’ ‘liberal iconoclasm’, and this is what troubles me more than his creation of an armor of infallibility. Robert Scheer, who loves to snipe at Kaus, is quoted as saying,

“The problem with Kaus is, I don’t know what real-life experience he’s got. He’s someone wet behind the ears, who doesn’t get into the streets too often to see how things play out. I think neoliberals have ruined the Democratic party. What is neoliberalism but the urge to ape neoconservatism? Why not join the other side?”

and Kaus himself admits it is more fun to lambast the Democrats than the Republicans. He justifies this by saying that the Republicans are beyond reforming, so he is going after the party — “trying to perfect it”, as he puts it in his hauteur — that has a chance of “accomplishing what you want.” He does it so well that his progressivism isn’t often much in evidence in his column. “I want to say something nobody else is saying yet is also true,” he says, creating the impression that he’ll thus be a contrarian for controversy’s sake alone. The infallibility issue that Garret raises thus begins to look like the tip of the iceberg when considering whether you can trust Kaus.

In Defense of the ‘F’ Word:

Colorado Attorney’s Motion Gives the Definitive History: “Yes, five months remain in the year, but we’re ready to announce the winner of the prestigious 2003 Legal Document of the Year award. The below motion was filed earlier this month in connection with a criminal charge filed against a Colorado teenager. The boy’s troubles started when he was confronted at school by a vice principal who suspected that he had been smoking in the boys bathroom. When presented to the principal, the kid exploded, cursing the administrator with some variants of the ‘F’ word. For his outburst, the boy was hit with a disorderly conduct rap, which was eventually amended to interfering with the staff, faculty, or students of an educational institutional. Faced with what he thought was a speech crime, Eric Vanatta, the teen’s public defender, drafted the below motion to dismiss the misdemeanor charge. The District Court document is an amusing and profane look at the world’s favorite four-letter word, from its origins in 1500 to today’s frequent use of the term by Eminem, Chris Rock, and Lenny Kravitz. The criminal charge, Vanatta argued in the motion, was not warranted since the use of the popular curse is protected by the First Amendment. TSG’s favorite part of the motion is the chart comparing Google results for the ‘F’ word and other all-American terms like mom, baseball, and apple pie.” The Smoking Gun